:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/8Ybarca5EyikHWwPNDgHdzL8O444HHna.jpg)
AMIC vs MACI for knee cartilage repairStandalone microfracture for knee cartilage defects has less than 60% survivorship at three years; AMIC adds a collagen membrane to stabilize repair, whilst MACI uses cultured chondrocytes and shows superiority in the SUMMIT trial for lesions over 3 cm².Standalone microfracture for knee cartilage defects has less than 60% survivorship at three years; AMIC adds a collagen membrane to stabilize repair, whilst MACI uses cultured chondrocytes and shows superiority in the SUMMIT trial for lesions over 3 cm².
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/74YTQQTyjHqGW0SCQyz2DVitXQ2VE6a3.jpg)
How single-stage ACI differs from MACIMACI repairs cartilage defects over two operations, with weeks between them for external cell expansion; STACi compresses the entire process—harvesting, processing, and implantation—into a single surgical session.MACI repairs cartilage defects over two operations, with weeks between them for external cell expansion; STACi compresses the entire process—harvesting, processing, and implantation—into a single surgical session.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/YRyf7d6INqqZId9HS4wTo8Ro64VsW2FQ.jpg)
Who treats tennis elbow and what to askTennis elbow is tendinopathy, not inflammation: small tears in the ECRB tendon accumulate faster than the tissue repairs itself, and progressive eccentric loading stimulates remodelling whereas rest prolongs recovery.Tennis elbow is tendinopathy, not inflammation: small tears in the ECRB tendon accumulate faster than the tissue repairs itself, and progressive eccentric loading stimulates remodelling whereas rest prolongs recovery.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/jMuW71JG09Hn3XswSLdJTLmPIdl4VfER.jpg)
How defect size and age decide OATS or OCADefect size determines whether focal cartilage repair uses autograft (OATS, harvested from the patient's own knee) or donor allograft (OCA): below 2 cm², autograft is viable; above 4 cm², only allograft remains before arthroplasty.Defect size determines whether focal cartilage repair uses autograft (OATS, harvested from the patient's own knee) or donor allograft (OCA): below 2 cm², autograft is viable; above 4 cm², only allograft remains before arthroplasty.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/vibXn3l7Ot1qXsKPnz6BWizXdl4RPdMc.jpg)
Who treats supraspinatus tendinopathy and when to scanSupraspinatus tendinopathy presents as gradually worsening outer-shoulder pain, worse with overhead reaching. A load-related tendon change distinct from structural tears, it resolves with physiotherapy in primary care for most patients; imaging and specialist assessment follow only when conservative care has not succeeded.Supraspinatus tendinopathy presents as gradually worsening outer-shoulder pain, worse with overhead reaching. A load-related tendon change distinct from structural tears, it resolves with physiotherapy in primary care for most patients; imaging and specialist assessment follow only when conservative care has not succeeded.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/9OiobpkziAwYG429O5Dmiz2cAtSHRBCc.jpg)
Who qualifies for MACI knee surgeryMACI grows hyaline-like cartilage from the patient's own cells and maintains superior pain and function scores at five years, unlike microfracture, whose fibrocartilage typically deteriorates within two to three years.MACI grows hyaline-like cartilage from the patient's own cells and maintains superior pain and function scores at five years, unlike microfracture, whose fibrocartilage typically deteriorates within two to three years.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/8kKx3ZAqCRbn3W0HQv99tZ8sFANERBuJ.jpg)
Which specialist treats AC joint painThe acromioclavicular joint, where the outer collarbone meets the shoulder blade, transfers all load from the arm to the skeleton — a role accounting for roughly 40% of all shoulder injuries.The acromioclavicular joint, where the outer collarbone meets the shoulder blade, transfers all load from the arm to the skeleton — a role accounting for roughly 40% of all shoulder injuries.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/ThhdXZ4jszzV06FAmL90Dnfs5PFnrs4D.jpg)
Who qualifies for OATS knee surgeryOATS transplants hyaline cartilage harvested from a low-load zone of the same knee to repair focal defects. The donor site heals with fibrocartilage, creating potential for catching, locking, or anterior knee pain.OATS transplants hyaline cartilage harvested from a low-load zone of the same knee to repair focal defects. The donor site heals with fibrocartilage, creating potential for catching, locking, or anterior knee pain.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/lLD5MNGXuxo4iNPO6j7pUVyGv5wJC4Bx.jpg)
When shoulder impingement pain needs a specialistStructured physiotherapy resolves shoulder impingement pain in 60–90% of cases. Specialist referral is warranted if pain persists after three months of treatment, or sooner if it disturbs sleep or restricts overhead arm movement.Structured physiotherapy resolves shoulder impingement pain in 60–90% of cases. Specialist referral is warranted if pain persists after three months of treatment, or sooner if it disturbs sleep or restricts overhead arm movement.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/LIOvsXTYshmGCUaPXjDSuxONuPPfG12x.jpg)
ACI or MACI for knee cartilage repairBoth ACI and MACI require two operations: stage-1 biopsy yields too few chondrocytes for immediate repair, so stage-2 implantation must follow 3–6 weeks of laboratory expansion.Both ACI and MACI require two operations: stage-1 biopsy yields too few chondrocytes for immediate repair, so stage-2 implantation must follow 3–6 weeks of laboratory expansion.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/QaZeOQSA1X4Ygf03fN7OmeMI0cBOoBHr.jpg)
Hip osteoarthritis treatment before replacement surgeryUK clinical guidance requires documented completion of conservative care — physiotherapy, weight management, analgesia — before accepting a total hip replacement referral. Surgical timing is determined by functional impact, not imaging severity.UK clinical guidance requires documented completion of conservative care — physiotherapy, weight management, analgesia — before accepting a total hip replacement referral. Surgical timing is determined by functional impact, not imaging severity.
:format(webp)/cdn.mskdoctors.com/storage/2026/7/mbjtDU813RR2tDE6GUH0U4vZDcunujdD.jpg)
When hip pain needs a specialistHip pain persisting beyond two weeks, disrupting sleep or preventing stairs and dressing, warrants GP assessment; specialist referral typically requires prior documentation of 8–12 weeks of conservative management.Hip pain persisting beyond two weeks, disrupting sleep or preventing stairs and dressing, warrants GP assessment; specialist referral typically requires prior documentation of 8–12 weeks of conservative management.
