ACI knee cartilage repair in the UKACI harvests a patient's own cartilage cells, cultures them to roughly 20 times their original number, then implants them in a second operation; NHS funding applies only to patients with defects over 2 cm², no prior cartilage repair, minimal arthritis, and access to a specialist centre.ACI harvests a patient's own cartilage cells, cultures them to roughly 20 times their original number, then implants them in a second operation; NHS funding applies only to patients with defects over 2 cm², no prior cartilage repair, minimal arthritis, and access to a specialist centre.
Is OATS knee surgery worth itCartilage damage beyond a certain point cannot self-repair. OATS transplants healthy cartilage plugs to replace it, with 85–93% achieving clinical success and improvements sustained at ten and twenty years, though 10–15% experience persistent donor-site pain.Cartilage damage beyond a certain point cannot self-repair. OATS transplants healthy cartilage plugs to replace it, with 85–93% achieving clinical success and improvements sustained at ten and twenty years, though 10–15% experience persistent donor-site pain.
ACI vs MACI for knee cartilage repairMACI seeds harvested chondrocytes onto a collagen membrane secured with fibrin glue; first-generation ACI injects them as a liquid suspension under a sutured periosteal patch. This engineering difference has driven MACI's adoption: complication rates of approximately 10% versus 29%, with superior pain reduction and activity levels.MACI seeds harvested chondrocytes onto a collagen membrane secured with fibrin glue; first-generation ACI injects them as a liquid suspension under a sutured periosteal patch. This engineering difference has driven MACI's adoption: complication rates of approximately 10% versus 29%, with superior pain reduction and activity levels.
ChondroFiller or Arthrosamid for your kneeChondroFiller repairs focal cartilage defects via a collagen scaffold, and Arthrosamid provides cushioning by integrating into the synovial lining — because they target different anatomical structures, the MRI scan, not patient preference, determines which injection is appropriate.ChondroFiller repairs focal cartilage defects via a collagen scaffold, and Arthrosamid provides cushioning by integrating into the synovial lining — because they target different anatomical structures, the MRI scan, not patient preference, determines which injection is appropriate.
Telling a meniscus tear from knee arthritisA meniscus tear begins at an identifiable moment. Osteoarthritis doesn't—it accumulates silently over months or years. This difference in onset is the single most reliable way to tell them apart.A meniscus tear begins at an identifiable moment. Osteoarthritis doesn't—it accumulates silently over months or years. This difference in onset is the single most reliable way to tell them apart.
OATS and Mosaicplasty for Knee Cartilage Repairgenuine hyaline cartilage — theknee's native resilient material — togenuine hyaline cartilage — the knee's native resilient material — to
OATS or microfracture for active knee patientsMicrofracture improves early but deteriorates progressively beyond two years because it deposits fibrocartilage, whilst OATS transplants intact cartilage that remains stable long-term.Microfracture improves early but deteriorates progressively beyond two years because it deposits fibrocartilage, whilst OATS transplants intact cartilage that remains stable long-term.
Chondroplasty for knee cartilage damageChondroplasty removes loose cartilage fragments that cause catching and grinding, relieving mechanical symptoms, but does not rebuild the cartilage itself; it is palliative, not restorative.Chondroplasty removes loose cartilage fragments that cause catching and grinding, relieving mechanical symptoms, but does not rebuild the cartilage itself; it is palliative, not restorative.
Who benefits from an unloader knee braceUnloader braces use three-point pressure to shift load away from damaged cartilage. They work only for single-compartment osteoarthritis, and success depends more on professional fitting and follow-up than the device itself.Unloader braces use three-point pressure to shift load away from damaged cartilage. They work only for single-compartment osteoarthritis, and success depends more on professional fitting and follow-up than the device itself.
What IKDC and MOCART data show about ChondroFillerChondroFiller injection improveskneefunction by an averageChondroFiller injection improves knee function by an average
How defect size determines OATS or OCAfrom the patient's ownknee; larger lesions require OCA,from the patient's own knee; larger lesions require OCA,
How long osteochondral allografts laston patient BMI, priorkneesurgery, and adherence toon patient BMI, prior knee surgery, and adherence to