When Is Spinal Fusion Needed? Conditions and Patient GuidanceSpinal fusion is a surgical procedure that stabilizes the spine by permanently joining vertebrae to alleviate chronic lower back pain, degenerative disc disease, and spinal instability. Recommended when conservative treatments fail, it can improve mobility and reduce pain but may limit spinal flexibility. Recovery involves a months-long rehabilitation focusing on…Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure that stabilizes the spine by permanently joining vertebrae to alleviate chronic lower back pain, degenerative disc disease, and spinal instability. Recommended when conservative treatments fail, it can improve mobility and reduce pain but may limit spinal flexibility. Recovery involves a months-long rehabilitation focusing on pain management and strengthening. Potential complications include infection, nerve damage, and adjacent segment disease. Long-term care emphasizes maintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding spinal stress to prevent further issues. Patients should have realistic expectations and maintain close communication with their healthcare team for optimal outcomes and timely intervention if complications arise.